References
CaRM model
De Carli, M., Tonon, M., Zarrella, A., Zecchin, R. (2010). A computational capacity resistance model (CaRM) for vertical ground-coupled heat exchangers. Renewable Energy, 35(7), 1537–1550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2009.11.034
Zarrella, A., Scarpa, M., De Carli, M. (2011). Short time step analysis of vertical ground-coupled heat exchangers: The approach of CaRM. Renewable Energy, 36(9), 2357–2367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2011.01.032
Zarrella, A., De Carli, M. (2013). Heat transfer analysis of short helical borehole heat exchangers. Applied Thermal Engineering, 61(1-2), 34–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.08.011
Zarrella, A., Capozza, A., De Carli, M. (2013). Analysis of short helical and double U-tube borehole heat exchangers: A simulation-based comparison. Applied Energy, 112, 358–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.09.012
Najib, A., Zarrella, A., Narayanan, V., Grant, P., Harrington, C. (2019). A revised capacitance resistance model for large diameter shallow bore ground heat exchanger. Applied Thermal Engineering, 162, 114305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114305
Thermal interference (FLS)
Claesson, J., Javed, S. (2011). An analytical method to calculate borehole fluid temperatures for time-scales from minutes to decades. ASHRAE Transactions, 117(2), 279–288.
Cimmino, M. (2018). pygfunction: an open-source toolbox for the evaluation of thermal response factors for geothermal borehole fields. Proceedings of eSim 2018, Montréal, Canada, 492–501. (Validation reference in the test suite.)
Ground surface temperature
See Discretization.
Kusuda, T., Achenbach, P.R. (1965). Earth temperature and thermal diffusivity at selected stations in the United States. ASHRAE Transactions, 71(1).
Fluid properties
See Fluid Properties.
Bell, I.H., Wronski, J., Quoilin, S., Lemort, V. (2014). Pure and pseudo-pure fluid thermophysical property evaluation and the open-source thermophysical property library CoolProp. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 53(6), 2498–2508. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie4033999
Soil moisture and variable grout properties
See Variable Grout Properties.
Brooks, R.H., Corey, A.T. (1964). Hydraulic properties of porous media. Hydrology Papers No. 3, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
Chung, S.O., Horton, R. (1987). Soil heat and water flow with a partial surface mulch. Water Resources Research, 23(12), 2175–2186. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR023i012p02175
de Vries, D.A. (1963). Thermal properties of soils. In W.R. van Wijk (Ed.), Physics of Plant Environment. North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam.
Heat pump performance
See Heat Flux Mode.
Ruhnau, O., Hirth, L., Praktiknjo, A. (2019). Time series of heat demand and heat pump efficiency for energy system modeling. Scientific Data, 6, 189. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0199-y